Irabire aya mashusho agaragaza izuba mu buryo bwegereye gusumba ayari amaze kubaho yose

Abahinga bakoresha 'télescope' ikomeye kuruta izindi zose kw'isi barafashe amashusho mashasha yerekana izuba mu buryo butari bwigere bubaho.

Ayo mafoto n'amavidewo yerekana ukuzunguruka kw'ibintu bimeze nk' "imikuba" kutari bwigere kubonwa imbere y'aha.

Ivyo bibera mu karere k'inguvu z'izuba zifise ubushobozi bwo gusumakura kaba karangwamwo uruja n'uruza rudasanzwe rw'umwuka ushushe cane.

Urwo ruja n'uruza rw'imikuba ni rwo rutuma izuba rirekura canke rikarungika ubushuhe budasanzwe, ibituma habaho ihindagurika abahinga bise 'météo spatiale' rishobora no guhungabanya imihora y'umuyagankuba canke ibigendajuru ku buryo mbere vyoshobora no gukomeretsa abagendajuru (astronautes).

"Izuba ni ryo soko ry'izo nguvu zose hamwe n'iryo hindagurika ryo mu kirere ari ryo 'météo spatiale'," nk'uko bisigurwa na Dr. David Boboltz asanzwe ari umuhinga mu kigo co muri Amerika gikora ivyigwa n'ubushakashatsi vyerekeye izuba (US National Solar Observatory – NSO).

Avuga ko gufata amashusho y'ubu bwoko bw'inyenyeri, ari yo zuba, mu buryo burushiriza gusobanuka kandi bwegereye cane, bizofasha abahinga gutahura neza no kwitegurira ingaruka z'ihindagurika 'météo spatiale' (canke 'space weather').

Agira ati: "Kugira dutahure hama tunashobore gutegekanya neza ingene iri hindagurika riterwa n'ubushuhe bw'izuba rishobora kugenda, dutegerezwa kubanza gutahura neza ingene izuba rikora, gushika no ku bice vyaryo bitobito kuruta ibindi vyose."

Ibi biherutse gutorwa bikanatangazwa bicishijwe mu kinyamakuru c'ubushakashatsi citwa Nature, vyashobotse kubera 'télescope' ikomeye cane gose yitwa Inouye Solar Telescope - yubatswe kw'isonga ry'umusozi w'ikirunga muri Hawaii, ahantu hasanzwe hari ikirere gikeye kandi kitagiramwo umukungugu.

Bamaze kugagamisha izuba, abo bahinga barashoboye gufata amashusho yegereye kandi asobanutse neza y'umurindi w'imikuba y'umwuka uri kuri ryo.

Umuhinga mu vy'inyenyeri akorera National Solar Observatory (NSO), Dr David Kuridze, yabwiye BBC News ati: "Uwo murindi w'imikuba izunguruka utuma habaho inguvu zifisie ubushobozi bwo gusumakura, zishobora no kwiyegeranya zigatuma habaho uguturika gukomeye cane."

Ikirere 'météo spatiale' kirangwa n'uguturika

Izina ry'ico abahinga bubuye kw'izuba ni "Kelvin-Helmholtz instability".

Ni ikintu gishika iyo ibimeze nk'amazi - muri iki cigwa dufatira ku myuka ishushe cane - bitemba bihura maze bigasekana, bigatuma haba ihungabana n'uruhagarara ruvamwo imikuba minini. Mu biyaga, ivyo bisobanura ingene uduce dutoduto tw'amazi dushobora gukura tukavamwo imikuba minini rwose kandi ikomeye.

Dr Friedrich Woeger, na we nyene akorera National Solar Observatory (NSO), avuga ko ivyo batoye bidafasha gusa gutahura ingene ihindagurika 'météo spatiale' rigenda, ahubwo binasigura n'igituma izuba rishuha cane.

Vyerekana ingene inguvu ziva mu bice vyo hasi zikaduga zerekeza mu bice vyo hejuru vy'izuba.

Agira ati: "Iyo izo nguvu zimaze kwegeranira mu bice vyo hejuru vy'izuba ku rugero ruhagije, zica zirekura rimwe na rimwemu nk'uko umengo habaye uguturika canke zikirekura zimeze nk'umwuka ushushe cane rwose."

Boboltz yongeyeko ko, uretse akamaro ko gutahura neza no kwikingira ingaruka z'ihindagurika bise 'météo spatiale', ibiherutse gutorwa vyerekana kandi ko izuba ari "laboratware idasanzwe".

Agira ati: "Izuba ni ryo nyenyeri itwegereye kurusha izindi zose. Kandi riradufasha gutahura amategeko amwe amwe y'ishimikiro agenga ivy'ubuhinga bwa physiaque.

"Ikimenyamenya ca mbere cageragejwe kikemeza inyigisho ya Einstein yitwa General Relativity cabonetse biciye mu kwihweza izuba igihe haba ubwirakabiri bw'izuba.

"Kugira rero dushobore guteza imbere ubumenyi bw'umuntu, dukeneye kubandanya ubushakashatsi nk'ubu."