Dalilan ƙaruwar hare-haren ta'addanci a yankin Sahel

Hare-haren da ƙungiyar Jamaat Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM), wadda reshen ƙungiyar al-Qaeda ce ta kai a biranen ƙasar Mali a ƙarshen mako ya fito da irin barazanar tsaro da ƙasashen yankin Sahel ke fuskanta a fili.

Bugu da ƙari, a makonnin da suka gabata ma ƙungiyar ISWAP ta kai hare-hare a biranen Niamey da Tahoua a jamhuriyar Nijar.

Ita ma ƙungiyar IS ta yi iƙrarin kai hari a wani ƙauye da ke jihar Adamawa a ƙarshen makon da ya gabata inda suka yi sanadiyyar mutuwar masu kallon ƙwallo 29.

Ba da jimawa ba ne kuma ƙungiyar Iswap ta kai hare-hare a birnin Maiduguri da wasu ƙananan hukumomin jihar ciki har da yin kwantan ɓauna ga sojoji a sansanoninsu da ya yi sanadiyyar mutuwar kwamandojin sojin ƙasar.

Abin tambaya shi ne mene ne ya janyo kara ƙaimin da ƙungiyoyin suka yi wajen ƙaddamar da hare-hare a tsakanin ƙasashen Sahel.

Dalila 8 na ƙaruwar hare-hare

Malam Kabiru Adamu shugaban kamfanin da ke nazarin tsaro a yankin Sahel, Beacon Consulting Firm, ya ce tsaro sun ce dalilai ne da dama na cikin gida da na waje da suka sa ƙungiyoyin ta'addanci suka yawaita hare-haren a yankin.

Yankin Sahel ne mafi hatsari a duniya - Rahoto

Yankin na Sahel da ke nahiyar Afirka, shi ne "cibiyar ta'addanci ta duniya", kuma a karon farko yanzu shi ne "ke da fiye da rabi na yawan ayyukan da suka shafi ta'addanci a duniya baki ɗaya", a cewar alƙaluman Global Terror Index (GTI) na shekarar 2024.

Sabon rahoton na 2024 ya ce "kashi 51 na dukkan mace-macen da ta'addanci ya haifar" sun faru ne a Sahel - ma'ana 3,885 na jimillar 7,555 da aka samu a faɗi duniya.

Rahoton na GTI ya ƙara da cewa yayin da aka samu raguwa a adadin na duniya daga 11,000 a 2015, adadin na Sahel ya ninka kusan sau 10 tun daga 2019 saboda yadda 'yanbindiga masu tsattsaruran ra'ayin Musulunci "ke ci gaba da sauya alƙibla" zuwa yankin.

Yankin ya kuma zama wata babbar hanya ta safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi kamar hodar ibilis daga Kudancin Amurka zuwa Turai, kuma rahoton ya ce "safarar miyagun ƙwayoyi na cikin sana'ao'in da suka fi kawo kuɗi da 'yanta'adda ke yi a Sahel".

Ina ne yankin Sahel?

Yankin da ke kudu da hamadar Sahara, Sahel ya fara ne tun daga yammacin gaɓar ruwan Afirka zuwa gabashinta.

Yadda GTI ya siffanta yankin ya ƙunshi wasu yankuna a ƙasashe 10 da suka haɗa:

Yankin na cikin waɗanda suka fi kowanne yawan haihuwa a duniya, kuma kusan ɗaya cikin uku na al'ummarsa 'yan ƙasa da shekara 25 ne.